FAQ Orals (safety)

In The Occurrence Of An Oil Spill, What Do You Do?
Stop The Flow Of Oil.  If Possible Contain The Spill On Deck And Start Clean Up Procedure Using Appropriate Oil Spill Equipment And Raise The Alarm.  There Will Be A Set Drill For Oil Spill Procedure.
If The Oil Has Spilt Into The Sea, If In Port, The Port Authorities Must Be Informed, If At Sea, The Coastguard Must Be Informed.
The Time, Place Or Position, Type Of Oil And Approximate Quantity Must Be Recorded In The Engine Room Log, Bridge Log And Oil Record Book.  Circumstances Of Spill Must Also Be Recorded.
 
How Is "Water Hammer" Prevented?
In Order To Prevent Water Hammer It Is Necessary To Open Up Drains On Steam Lines Being Brought Into Use.  The Water Must Be Completely Drained So It Leaves The Line Clear.  The Steam Valve Is Then Cracked Open So The Line Is Heated And Brought Up To Near Working Temperature.  Any Condensate Found During This Process Drains Out Of The Line Via The Drains Previously Opened.  The Valve May Then Be Opened And Drains Closed.
 
What Safety Equipment Should There Be At A Bunker Station?
Safety Equipment That Should Be Found At A Bunker Manifold Are A Foam Fire Extinguisher, Oil Spill Gear Such As Spill Absorbent, Bunker Plan And Equipments For Communication.
  
What Is The Bilge Injection Valve?
The Bilge Injection Is A Valve That Enables The Engine Room Bilges To Be Pumped Out Directly Overboard In The Event Of An Emergency Such As Flooding.  The Valve Is Normally Fitted To The End Of A Branch Connection With The Main Sea-water Suction Line.  This Enables Large Main Sea-water Cooling Pumps To Be Used As A Bilge Pump In An Emergency.
 
What Is Regarded As An Enclosed Space?
An Enclosed Space Is A Space That Cannot Be Assumed To Contain Oxygen I.e Space Without Any Means Of Ventilation. These Are Spaces Such As A Duct Keel, A Double Bottom Tank, A Cofferdam, Etc.
 
What Are The Dangers Of Excessive Lubrication In Start Air Compressors?
There Is A Danger That Excessive Cylinder Lubrication In Start Air Compressors Could Lead To Explosions In Air Start Lines/Manifolds. 
Excessive Lubrication Can Lead To Carry Over With Compressed Air, Being Deposited In The Receiver Then Transferred To The Air Start Manifold, Where A Leaking Air Start Valve May Allow Hot Gases From Combustion Into The Air Start Manifold, Ignite The Oil Vapour, Causing An Explosion. 
 
Fire Is The Combination Of Three Factors, What Are These?
1.  A Substance That Will Burn
2.  Ignition Source
3. A Supply Of Oxygen, Usually From Air.
 
Regarding The Emergency Bilge Injection Valve, What Is Its Relevant Size Compared To The Main Sea Water Injection Valve?
The Valve Size Of The Emergency Bilge Injection Valve Must Not Be Less Than 2/3 The Size Of The Main Sea-water Injection Valve.
 
What Is The Procedure For Entering An Enclosed Space?
An Enclosed Space Entry Permit Is Required Which Can Only Be Obtained With The Permission Of A Responsible Officer.  This Permit Will List The Conditions To Be Met Before Entry.
The Space Should Be Well Ventilated Before Entry Takes Place;  Before Entry, Oxygen Levels Must Be Checked Using An O2 Meter.
Another Person Should Remain At The Entrance While The Person Is In The Space, To Summon Assistance If Necessary And There Should Also Be Means Of Communications Arranged Between The Person Within The Space And The Attendant.
Lifelines And Harnesses Should Be Available At The Entrance To The Space.
If The Occupant Appears To Be In Danger, The Attendant Should First Raise The Alarm, But Should Not Enter The Space Unless Equipped With Breathing Apparatus.
 
What Is, And Where Would You Find, The International Shore Connection?
This Is A Standard Size Flange Which Is Fitted With A Suitable Coupling Suitable For The Ships Fire Hoses.  The Flange Is Slotted In Order To Fit Any Shore Side Fire Main And Enable Water To Be Brought On Board Ship Lying Alongside.  Usually Located On The Bridge.
 
What Is "Water Hammer" And Its Danger?
When Steam Lines Are Shut Down It Is Possible From Various Causes For Them To Fill With Water.  If Steam Is Allowed To Enter A Line With Water, The Steam Starts To Move The Water Down The Line.  The Steam In Contact With The Water Eventually Condenses And A Vacuum Is Formed Causing The Water To Be Pulled Back To The Valve Which Has Just Been Opened And Striking It With A Heavy Blow, Often Fracturing The Valve.  If The Valve Fractures, It May End Disastrously With Risk Of Loss Of Life.

Fires Are Classified According To The Types Of Material, Which Are Acting As The Source, What Are These Classifications?
Class A  -  Fires Burning Wood, Glass Fibre, Upholstery And Furnishings
Class B  -  Fires Burning Liquids Such As Lubricating Oil And Fuels
Class C  -  Fires Burning Gas Fuels Such As Liquefied Petroleum
Class D  -  Fires Burning Combustible Metals Such As Magnesium And Aluminium
Class E  -  Fires Burning Any Of The Above Materials Together With High Voltage Electricity.